HIV self-testing during COVID-19 in Santa Clara County, California, USA

Abstract

Introduction During COVID-19, healthcare providers reported decreased testing volumes, which meant fewer people knew their HIV status. To improve testing volumes, The County of Santa Clara Public Health Department offered a pilot HIV self-testing (HIVST) program for eligible populations. Material and methods The purpose of this study was to understand overall reach of the intervention and effectiveness of strategies used to raise the program awareness from November 2021 to August 2022, using an observational study design. Participants were recruited through both in-person and digital outreach methods. Individuals completed an online survey in order to participate in the study. Research team collected and analyzed all responses using descriptive analysis. Results A total of 458 individuals participated in the program. Of participants 232 that responded to optional questions the majority (77%) were identifying as male and 7% identifying as transgender, gender non-binary, or genderqueer. Social media advertisements on gay dating apps and outreach at community events were identified as effective methods for increasing awareness. Of the total partici­pants, 21% had never taken an HIV test before, 58% selected this program for convenience reasons, and 41% received pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services. Conclusions HIVST programs have the potential to address barriers in accessing testing services. Healthcare providers are encouraged to offer HIVSTs as options for patients.

Keywords

• hiv self-testing
• hiv education
• health promotion
• health education
• covid-19