Heterogeneity of Land Uses near Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and their Affordability in Chicago, Illinois

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) have a growing market share in the US and several policies promote their ownership and use. EV drivers face significantly longer charging times at public charging stations, compared to internal combustion engine vehicle drivers. When charging stations are colocated with other land uses, such as shopping and recreational ones, EV drivers can plan their trips and turn their charging down time to a productive or enjoyable experience. This study examines the variety of businesses and premises located near public charging stations in Chicago, Illinois, and explores their pricing levels, which may influence the accessibility of charging stations for EV users from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Our findings reveal that the businesses closest to charging stations predominantly include food establishments, shops, and tourism-related venues, with the majority falling into affordable pricing categories. These results suggest that public charging stations in Chicago are situated in areas with amenities that cater to a wide range of income levels, promoting equitable access to EV infrastructure. On the other hand, chargers are overwhelmingly placed in majority white neighborhoods. We highlight the importance of considering both amenities proximity and affordability in the assessment of public charging infrastructure to support a more inclusive and equitable transition to electric vehicles.