Non-propagative human parainfluenza virus type 2 nasal vaccine robustly protects the upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2

Junpei Ohtsuka; Masaki Imai; Masayuki Fukumura; Mitsuyo Maeda; Asami Eguchi; Ryoichi Ono; Tadashi Maemura; Mutsumi Ito; Seiya Yamayoshi; Yosky Kataoka; Yoshihiro Kawaoka; Tetsuya Nosaka

iScience (Dec 2021)

Non-propagative human parainfluenza virus type 2 nasal vaccine robustly protects the upper and lower airways against SARS-CoV-2

Junpei Ohtsuka,
Masaki Imai,
Masayuki Fukumura,
Mitsuyo Maeda,
Asami Eguchi,
Ryoichi Ono,
Tadashi Maemura,
Mutsumi Ito,
Seiya Yamayoshi,
Yosky Kataoka,
Yoshihiro Kawaoka,
Tetsuya Nosaka

Affiliations

Junpei Ohtsuka: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; Research Center for Development of Recombinant VLP Vaccines, Research Institutes of Excellence, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; BioComo Inc., Komono, Mie 510-1233, Japan
Masaki Imai: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Masayuki Fukumura: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; Research Center for Development of Recombinant VLP Vaccines, Research Institutes of Excellence, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; BioComo Inc., Komono, Mie 510-1233, Japan; Corresponding author
Mitsuyo Maeda: Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
Asami Eguchi: Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
Ryoichi Ono: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
Tadashi Maemura: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
Mutsumi Ito: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Seiya Yamayoshi: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Yosky Kataoka: Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
Yoshihiro Kawaoka: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Tetsuya Nosaka: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; Research Center for Development of Recombinant VLP Vaccines, Research Institutes of Excellence, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; Corresponding author

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 24, no. 12
p. 103379

Abstract

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Summary: We developed an intranasal vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using the replication-incompetent human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2) vector BC-PIV, which can deliver ectopic gene as stable RNA and ectopic protein on the envelope. BC-PIV expressing the full-length prefusion-stabilized spike gene (K986P/V987P) of SARS-CoV-2, S-2PM, possessed a corona-like viral envelope. Intranasal vaccination of mice with BC-PIV/S-2PM induced high levels of neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) and mucosal IgA antibodies against the spike protein. Although BC-PIV showed hemagglutinating activity, BC-PIV/S-2PM lacked such activity, in accordance with the presence of the massive spike protein on the viral surface. Furthermore, single-dose intranasal vaccination of hamsters with BC-PIV/S-2PM completely protected the lungs from SARS-CoV-2 at 11-week post-immunization, and boost vaccination two weeks before the challenge conferred virtually complete protection of the nasal turbinates against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, this chimeric hPIV2/spike intranasal vaccine is a promising vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 to curtail virus transmission.

Published in iScience

ISSN: 2589-0042 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Science
Website: http://www.cell.com/iscience/home

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