Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire

Abstract

Abstract Background The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an efficient tool for assessment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It evaluates the effect of dental esthetics on the psychosocial status of young adults. This questionnaire has been translated to many languages so far. However, it has not yet been translated to Persian. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version of PIDAQ for use among the young adults. Material and method The questionnaire was translated to Persian, back-translated to English and underwent cultural adaptation and pretesting. It was then filled out by 398 young adults (215 females and 183 males) between 18 to 30 years in Shiraz, Iran. The Persian version of PIDAQ along with the index of orthodontic treatment need-aesthetic component (IOTN-AC) and the perception of occlusion (POS) index were administered among participants to assess its discriminant validity. Results Factor analysis extracted four domains and the factor loading of domains ranged from 0.479 to 0.837. The Cronbach’s alpha for the Persian version of PIDAQ ranged from 0.809 to 0.886. The mean score for each of the domains and the total score for PIDAQ, classified according to IOTN-AC and POS, showed a significant difference. The mean score acquired by subjects requiring orthodontic treatment was significantly higher than the score acquired by those not requiring orthodontic treatment (P = 0.00). Conclusion The Persian version of PIDAQ has optimal validity, reliability and responsiveness for assessment of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion on the Iranian young adults.

Keywords

• Malocclusion
• Oral health related quality of life
• Cross cultural adaptation