Entomopathogenic nematodes: can we use the current knowledge on belowground multitrophic interactions in future plant protection programmes? - Review

Abstract

Plants under herbivore attack emit mixtures of volatiles that can attract the natural enemies of the herbivores. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are organisms that can be used in the biological control of insect pests. Recent studies have shown that the movement of EPNs is associated with the detection of chemical stimuli from the environment. To date, several compounds that are responsible for the mediation in below ground multitrophic interactions have been identified. In the review, we discuss the use of EPNs in agriculture, the role of belowground volatiles and their use in plant protection programmes.

Keywords

• insects
• indirect plant defence
• volatile organic compounds
• chemical communication
• insect parasitic nematodes