How has the invention of printing press influenced the Russian icon painting? Printed icons in Russia at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to comprehensively present a “printed icon”, such characteristic phenomenon of Russia at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The article indicates origins and typical features of this phenomenon, analyses the main stages of its development. The author tries to point out the reasons for the special popularity of “printed icons”. The article also describes the criticism of the Russian intelligentsia against “printed icons”.

Keywords

• icon
• printing press
• printed icon
• zhako and bonaker
• chromolithography
• moscow
• odessa
• committee of care on russian icon painting
• nikodim kondakov