Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of CSOM at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid mucosa with recurrent discharge (at least 2 weeks) through a perforated tympanic membrane. The study was undertaken to see microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in chronic suppurative otitis media patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the ENT and Microbiology department at a tertiary care government teaching hospital, from June 2021 to May 2022. Ear discharge samples from 100 clinically diagnosed chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) patients were collected and processed. Microbial isolates were identified and drug susceptibility testing was conducted using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Among 100 patients included in the study, Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus) (44/100, 44%) was the predominant isolate followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P aeruginosa) (36/100, 36%). All isolates of S aureus were susceptible to Vancomycin, Tigecycline, and Linezolid (100%). Susceptibility of 100% was observed with Colistin and Piperacillin-Tazobactum among P aeruginosa isolates. All isolates of Klebsiella spp and Enterobacter aerogenes showed multi-drug resistance while 88.90% Escherichia coli, 77.27% S aureus, and 19.44% P aeruginosa were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Multi-drug resistance was not observed among Proteus mirabilis isolates. Conclusion: A continuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern of CSOM and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates is necessary for forming the basis of empirical treatment which shall aid in decreasing the potential risk of complications.

Keywords

• Antibiotic susceptibility, Chronic suppurative otitis media, Microbiological profile.