Study of demographic profile, clinical manifestations, and a short-term follow-up of young patients presenting with myocardial infarction at a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: The present study was undertaken to analyze the clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome of young patients presenting with myocardial infarction (MI) at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional, observational hospital-based study conducted on patients with MI younger than 40 years. Results: Among the 50 patients, there were 49 males and one female. The age group ranged from 25 to 40 years—most of the patients presented with typical chest pain. Dyslipidemia was the most common risk factor 64%, followed by hypertension 42%, smoking 30%, high altitude area (HAA) 18%, positive family history 12%, metabolic syndrome 06%, and chronic kidney disease 02%. Serial creatine kinase-MB was elevated in 33 (66%) patients and normal in 17 (34%) patients. Troponin T/I was positive in 41 (82%) patients and negative in 09 (18%) patients. On echocardiogram, almost all patients had regional wall motion abnormality. The left ventricular ejection fraction 50% (22%). All 50 patients underwent a coronary angiogram, 19 had small vessel disease (38%), and 30 had recanalized/slow flow noted in coronaries (60%). Most of the patients, 36 (72%), underwent thrombolysis and had evidence of recanalized coronaries on coronary angiography; one patient was taken up for primary angioplasty in MI, 14 patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting. Conclusion: The study describes the clinic-demographic profile of MI in young. The role of dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, high altitude area, and positive family history may need further elucidation in these patients.

Keywords

• high altitude areas
• hypertension
• myocardial infarction
• smoking
• young age