FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF CORTICAL ELECTROGENESIS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH HYPOXIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Abstract

Because of increase in problem states in a large number of newborns, there is a growing need for early diagnosis of brain damage in children who were underwent severe hypoxia who were received prolonged respiratory therapy, since perinatal hypoxic ischemia is one of the main causes of brain damage to newborns. This article gives more attention to this issue. First of all, this concerns the disclosure of the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, which makes it possible to identify the features of the development of this disease, as well as its possible consequences: (cerebral palsy, attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, etc.). Scientific novelty: quantitative criteria will be proposed for assessing the severity of hypoxic lesions of the central nervous system, in terms of the electrical activity of the brain. It will be evaluated at what initial values of electrical brain activity in children with posthypoxic lesions have a risk of developing neurological abnormalities of the central nervous system; also an assessment of the risks of disability will be carried out in order to improve the quality of life of children. The main cause of brain damage in the fetus and newborn is hypoxia, which can develop under conditions unfavourable for the course of pregnancy, like asphyxia, and also can be accompany birth trauma, hemolytic disease of the newborn, infectious and other diseases of the fetus and newborn. The hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances that arise under conditions of hypoxia can lead to the development of hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the brain substance and intracranial hemorrhages. In recent years, great attention in the etiology of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system belongs to intrauterine infections. The mechanical factor in perinatal brain damage loses its prevalence. The main cause of lesions of the spinal cord is based on traumatic factors as a result of obstetric manipulation in conditions of large fetal mass, etc.

Keywords

• hypoxia
• hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system
• ischemic encephalopathy
• electroencephalography
• electroencephalogram (EEG).