全球油菜产业现状与我国油菜产业问题、对策Current status of global rapeseed industry and problems, countermeasures of rapeseed industry in China

Abstract

为了深入研究全球环境下我国油料供给中的突出问题，保障我国油料供应安全，推动我国油菜产业高质量发展，详细调研、分析了全球和我国油菜产业发展现状及存在的主要问题，并提出相应对策。结果表明：全球油菜籽供需缺口较大、油菜产品价格涨幅明显；我国油菜产品产量和消费量仍维持高位、库存持续减少；我国油菜产业发展在育种、产业化、国民需求和国际贸易方面均存在一些问题。基于上述问题，提出通过提升油菜种质资源建设和利用，强化转基因育种研究和应用，加强适应全程机械化的优质品种研发，提高市场调控和财政补贴，实施差异化战略提升食用油品质，拓展进口渠道增加油料储备，最终促进我国油菜产业高质量发展和保障油料供给安全。 In order to study the prominent problems in Chinese oilcrops supply under the global environment, ensure the security of Chinese oilcrops supply and promote the high-quality development of rapeseed industry in China, a detailed investigation and analysis of the global and rapeseed industry development in china were conducted, and countermeasures for the main problems were put forward. It was found that the global rapeseed supply and demand gap was large, and the price of rape products had risen significantly. The production and consumption of rape products in China remained high, while the inventories continued to decrease. It also revealed some problems in terms of breeding, industrialization, demand and international trade in the development of rapeseed industry in China. Based on the problems, it was suggested to improve the construction and utilization of rapeseed germplasm resources, strengthen the research and application of transgenic breeding, strengthen the research and development of high-quality varieties suitable for the whole mechanization process, increase market regulation and financial subsidies, implement differentiated strategies to improve the quality of edible oil, and expand import channels to increase oil reserves, so as to ultimately promote the high-quality development of rapeseed industry in China and ensure the safety of oilcrops supply.

Keywords

• 油菜产业；发展现状；产业问题；供需；育种；对策
• rapeseed industry; development situation; industry problem; supply-demand; breeding; countermeasure