Research progress on the etiology, clinical examination and treatment of peri ⁃ implantitis

Abstract

Peri⁃implantitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs around dental implants and damages both soft and hard tissues, the characteristic feature of which is bone loss. The major etiology of peri⁃implantitis is dental plaque, in⁃ cluding implant overload implants, a history of periodontitis, smoking and diabetes as risk factors. The standards for the clinical diagnosis of peri⁃implantitis are bleeding on probing, suppuration, a peri⁃implant pocket depth ≥5 mm, and X⁃ ray evidence. Treatment includes mechanical debridement, drug therapy, laser treatment and surgical treatment. Regu⁃ lar supportive peri⁃implant therapy can be effective for curing and preventing peri⁃implantitis. In this paper, the etiolo⁃ gy, clinical examination and treatment of periodontitis are reviewed.

Keywords

• Peri⁃implantitis
• Microbe
• Risk factors
• Diagnosis
• Treatment