Ocular hypotensive effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds in experimentally-induced glaucoma

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effect of fermented n-hexane extract of Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds (FPMSE) in an experimental model of glaucoma. Eighteen rabbits (1-1.8 kg body weight) were allocated into six groups of three rabbits (six eyes per group). Group 1 was the normal control. Ocular hypertension was induced with 1% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic solution in groups 2-6, twice daily for 21 days. Group 2 received no treatment, while groups 3–6 received 5 mg/kg b.w. acetazolamide, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w. extract, respectively. The intraocular pressures and other biochemical parameters were evaluated. The existence of bioactive compounds was determined via phytochemical analysis. Compared to group 2, the administration of FPMSE resulted in a significant decrease in IOP in the treated groups. Malondialdehyde concentrations in the treated groups’ aqueous humor and plasma were considerably lower (p 0.05). FPMSE substantially reduced phospholipase A2 activity. Histological assessment of the ciliary body showed adequate pigmentations in the treatment groups compared to group 2. Hence, FPMSE possesses ocular hypotensive effects.

Keywords

• pentaclethra macrophylla
• intraocular pressure
• steroid-induced glaucoma
• aqueous humor
• acetazolamide