Iodine availability of the child population in rural and urban settlements of Central Yakutia

Abstract

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) belongs to the territories with pronounced iodine deficiency in nature and is characterized by a high prevalence of thyroid pathology among the population. Purpose of the work: assessment of iodine availability in the child population of Yakutia. Materials and methods. Preschool children (3 and 6 years old) of Yakutsk city and rural settlements of Yakutia were selected as the object of research. To assess the degree of iodine deficiency, the indicator of iodine excretion with urine was used. The level of urinary iodine excretion (ioduria) and the research of biomedium were determined for the content of 25 chemical elements by inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry. Results. When analyzing the indicators of elemental composition of hair by territorial zones of the republic, iodine deficiency was noted in the 3rd position by prevalence. It was noted that the prevalence of iodine deficiency decreases from 62.15% in 3-year-old children to 10% in the group of 6-year-old children. Analysis of trace elements in children's hair showed deficiency of I in all zones, deficiency was found in more than one third of the subjects. According to the median distribution of iodine in urine in rural children, the 25th percentile was 101 μg/L. Conclusion. Research on iodine supply of children in selected settlements did not reveal iodine deficiency: ioduria indices were within the normal range. Despite this, iodine deficiency in hair was observed in one third of the children studied. The most pronounced iodine deficiency was found in the younger age group of children, which is combined with the maximum incidence of goiter.