Research Progress and Propect of Mustard Breeding

Abstract

Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is an important vegetable crop in China with a wide cultivation area and a long history of cultivation. With the increasing improvement of people's living standard and the changes in environmental conditions, new requirements for the quality and resistant varieties of mustard have been put forward. A large number of scientific researchers have completed the collection, conservation and gene function mining of a considerable amount of mustard germplasm resources, and have conducted researches on breeding and molecular biology, which has made great contributions to the improvement of mustard varieties. China is rich in mustard germplasm resources. There are many local varieties, and these local varieties are often faced with the problems of degradation of variety and quality defects after years of self-retaining, and how to improve these local varieties has become an urgent problem. This review describes the advanced breeding methods of mustard and their principles and the research results obtained. Advanced breeding methods mainly include mutagenesis breeding techniques, distant hybrid breeding techniques, transgenic breeding techniques, gene editing breeding techniques and molecular marker-assisted breeding techniques. The use of these advanced breeding techniques has not only made many achievements in changing the resistance, quality and adaptability of mustard varieties, but also helped to construct sterile lines to serve mustard cross breeding. In addition, this review also provides an outlook on the future research directions of mustard breeding in order to provide a theoretical basis and practical basis for the breeding of local special mustard varieties.

Keywords

• mustard
• breeding technique
• quality
• resistance
• local mustard variety