A heat-resistant and insensitive energetic material based on the pyrazolo-triazine framework

Abstract

One of the major challenges in the field of energetic materials is to develop explosive molecules with high detonation performances and low mechanical sensitivity. In this work, a heat-resistant and insensitive energetic compound 4-amino-7-nitro-5H-pyrazolo [4,3-d][1,2,3]triazine-2-oxide (3) was designed and prepared. It was identified and characterized using X-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and elemental analysis. This novel energetic compound exhibits good detonation performances (Dv ​= ​8731 ​m ​s−1, P ​= ​31.20 ​GPa), low mechanical sensitivities (IS ​> ​20 ​J, FS ​> ​360 ​N), and excellent thermal stability (Td ​= ​291 ​°C), suggesting that compound 3 may serve as a potential high-energy and insensitive material.

Keywords

• Pyrazolo[4,3-d][1,2,3]triazine
• Energetic materials
• Thermal stability
• Low sensitivity
• High energy