YIELDING OF WHITE MUSTARD DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF BASIC SOIL CULTIVATION AS WELL AS FERTILIZATION

Abstract

The article focuses on the research results concerning the effect of long-term application of basic tillage systems and fertilizing on the productivity of mustard white. The research was being conducted in four-field crop rotation of the stationary experiment under conditions of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine during 2009–2016. It was established that in the background of mineral fertilization in the dose N30Р30К30, the highest yield of white mustard seeds (2,06 t/ha) was obtained for the main system of soil tillage. The use of non-polar soil treatments led to a decrease in the yield of white mustard seeds by 1–17 % compared to plowing. The lowest yield of white mustard seeds (1,7 t/ha) was obtained for the discovery at a depth of 6–8 cm. The use of field cultivation of soil on the background of organo-mineral fertilization, which involves leaving the precursor straw in the straw field and introducing N30Р30К30, provides the yield of white mustard seeds – 2,05 t/ha. For conducting without field operations of soil yields are reduced by 2–20 % compared to plowing. The best indicators of the structure of the white mustard yield were obtained for the main system of soil cultivation and the mineral fertilizer system. By organo-mineral system fertilizer is reduced by 7 % height of plants, by 5 and 12 %, the number and weight of seeds from one plant. On the basis of the conducted researches, the economic efficiency of the cultivation of white mustard is determined depending on the influence of the investigated factors under conditions of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that the highest contingent net profit was obtained for the use of the system of basic soil cultivation on the mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer backgrounds. Organo-mineral fertilizers increase by 93–123 % the profitability of growing white mustard depending on the system of basic cultivation of soil in comparison with the mineral system.

Keywords

• white mustard
• yield
• soil cultivation
• fertilizer system
• elements of the harvest structure
• profitability.