Acute aortoiliac thrombosis and mitral valve regurgitation as acute onset of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in a 26-year-old patient

Abstract

We present a rare case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), involving a 26-year-old woman with a history of asthma and nasal polyps. The patient presented with acute aortoiliac thrombosis and mitral insufficiency, which was successfully treated with thrombolysis, aortic thromboendarterectomy, and valve replacement. Peripheral hypereosinophilia with eosinophilic infiltration of the heart led to the diagnosis of antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody–negative EGPA. Treatment with prednisone and mepolizumab was started, resulting in a positive outcome. This case showcases an unusual manifestation of EGPA with large size vessel involvement and requiring surgical and pharmacological treatment. It also highlights the importance of early detection for timely intervention and an improved prognosis.

Keywords

• Acute arterial thrombosis
• Churg-Strauss syndrome
• Mitral valve regurgitation