Effect of Haemodialysis on Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Abstract

Introduction: The progressive damage to the kidney by oxidative stress and depletion of nitric oxide have been pointed out in recent years. Oxidative stress has been implicated to various mechanisms leading to accumulation of superoxide anions. Aim: We have estimated serum levels of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Ceruloplasmin, Total Antioxidant (TAO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) to study the oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease as well as compare it with its post haemodialysis status. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 96 individuals with chronic kidney disease (cases) and 60 age/sex matched healthy individuals (control). Blood sample was collected from cases before and after haemodialysis as well as from the control group. Blood sample was processed and estimated for MDA, SOD, TAO and ceruloplasmin. Student’s t-test was used to find the significance and Pearson correlation was used to find the degree of relationship between the study parameters. Results: A statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in serum MDA was observed in cases compared to controls. Serum SOD, ceruloplasmin and TAO levels were decreased in cases in chronic kidney disease compared to control group. The decrease in serum ceruloplasmin and TAO activity was statistically significant (p<0.001). After haemodialysis, statistically significant increase in serum MDA level (p=0.004) as well as ceruloplasmin (p<0.001) level were observed. However, serum SOD and TAO activity were decreased significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: In chronic kidney disease oxidative stress is higher, which is further increased after haemodialysis as indicated by increased MDA levels and decreased SOD and TAO activity.

Keywords

• antioxidant
• ceruloplasmin
• malondialdehyde
• superoxide dismutase