PLoS ONE (Jan 2018)

Prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy in Qatar, using universal screening.

  • Mohammed Bashir,
  • Manar E Abdel-Rahman,
  • Mahmoud Aboulfotouh,
  • Fatin Eltaher,
  • Khalid Omar,
  • Isaac Babarinsa,
  • Kwabena Appiah-Sakyi,
  • Tarek Sharaf,
  • Eman Azzam,
  • Mohammad Abukhalil,
  • Malika Boumedjane,
  • Wigdan Yousif,
  • Warda Ahmed,
  • Sadaf Khan,
  • Justin C Konje,
  • Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201247
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 8
p. e0201247

Abstract

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BACKGROUND:Diabetes first detected during pregnancy is currently divided into gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes mellitus (DM)- most of which are type 2 DM (T2DM). This study aims to define the prevalence and outcomes of diabetes first detected in pregnancy based on 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)using the recent WHO/IADPSG guidelines in a high-risk population. METHODS:This is a retrospective study that included all patients who underwent a 75 g (OGTT) between Jan 2016 and Apr 2016 and excluded patients with known pre-conception diabetes. RESULTS:The overall prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy among the 2000 patients who fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria was 24.0% (95% CI 22.1-25.9) of which T2DM was 2.5% (95% CI 1.9-3.3), and GDM was 21.5% (95% CI 19.7-23.3). The prevalence of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy was similar among the different ethnic groups. The T2DM group was older (mean age in years was 34 ±5.7 vs 31.7±5.7 vs 29.7 ±5.7, p<0.001); and has a higher mean BMI (32.4±6.4 kg/m2 vs 31.7±6.2 kg/m2 vs 29.7± 6.2 kg/m2, p< 0.01) than the GDM and the non-DM groups, respectively. The frequency of pre-eclampsia, pre-term delivery, Caesarean-section, macrosomia, LGA and neonatal ICU admissions were significantly higher in the T2DM group compared to GDM and non-DM groups. CONCLUSION:Diabetes first detected in pregnancy is equally prevalent among the various ethnic groups residing in Qatar. Newly detected T2DM carries a higher risk of poor pregnancy outcomes; stressing the importance of proper classification of cases of newly detected diabetes in pregnancy.