Prevalence of Tuberculosis in the North Indian Subcontinent Kashmir Valley: A Cross-sectional Hospital-based Study

Aijaz Nabi Puttoo; Naveed Nazir Shah; Sandeep Tripathi; Ruqeya Nazir; Haamid Bashir; Rehana Kauser; Himanshu Tripathi; Inam Ul Haq

doi:10.7860/JCDR/2022/53062.15847

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Jan 2022)

Prevalence of Tuberculosis in the North Indian Subcontinent Kashmir Valley: A Cross-sectional Hospital-based Study

Aijaz Nabi Puttoo,
Naveed Nazir Shah,
Sandeep Tripathi,
Ruqeya Nazir,
Haamid Bashir,
Rehana Kauser,
Himanshu Tripathi,
Inam Ul Haq

Affiliations

Aijaz Nabi Puttoo: Research Scholar, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, NIMS University, Shobha Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Naveed Nazir Shah: Professor and Head, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chest Diseases Hospital, Government Medical College, Karan Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Sandeep Tripathi: Professor, Institute of Allied Health Sciences, NIMS University, Shobha Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Ruqeya Nazir: Assistant Professor, Center of Research for Development, Microbiology University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Haamid Bashir: Research Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Rehana Kauser: State Tuberculosis Officer, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Himanshu Tripathi: Associate Professor and Principal, NIMS College of Paramedical Technology, NIMS University, Shobha Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Inam Ul Haq: Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College, Karan Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2022/53062.15847
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 16, no. 1
pp. DC10 – DC14

Abstract

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. TB is one of the biggest public health challenges in the world especially in under-developing and developing countries. Aim: To determine the prevalence of TB in the Kashmir valley. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Chest Medicine, Chest Diseases Hospital (CDH), Government Medical College, Srinagar and Intermediate Reference Laboratory (IRL), State TB Training and Demonstration Centre (STDC), CDH, Srinagar and in association with State TB Office (STO) Kashmir, India, from March 2019 to December 2020 in 10 districts. A total of 66,829 presumptive TB samples in 2019 inclusive of 450 samples of CDH and 63532 presumptive TB samples in 2020 inclusive of 400 samples of CDH were collected from Department of Chest Medicine, CDH, Government Medical College, Srinagar and Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) Centres of Kashmir valley under State TB office Director Health Kashmir as per World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. It included both the positive and negative cases of TB registered during the year 2019 and 2020. Results: The total prevalence of TB disease during the year 2019 was found to be 49.03 per 100,000 population and 37.31 per 100,000 population in the year 2020 respectively. There was no correlation among the surveyed demographics in the positive TB cases in the Kashmir valley (p>0.05). Srinagar city reported highest cases whereas Budgam and Pulwama reported least cases in the year 2019 and 2020. Conclusion: The respiratory precautionary measures like social distancing and use of face masks during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has reduced transmission and incidence of TB. Proper identification and treatment of infectious cases will prevent TB in the ethnic population. More studies are needed on large sample size.

Published in Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

ISSN: 2249-782X (Print); 0973-709X (Online)
Publisher: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Country of publisher: India
LCC subjects: Medicine
Website: https://www.jcdr.net/

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