Factors Associated With Perceived Worsened Physical Health Among Older Adults Who Are Newly Enrolled Long-term Services and Supports Recipients

Abstract

Limited information exists on the perceived health of older adults new to receiving long-term services and supports (LTSS) compared with the year prior, posing challenges to the anticipation of health care need and optimization of wellness efforts for this growing population. In response, we sought to identify differences in perceived worsened physical health across three LTSS types (nursing home, assisted living, and home and community-based services) along with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) characteristics associated with older adults’ ratings of perceived worsened physical health at the start of receiving LTSS. Enrolled LTSS recipients completed a single interview assessing their HRQoL. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations in LTSS types and HRQoL characteristics with perceived worsened physical health among older adults (≥60 years old) since 1 year prior to study enrollment. Among the 467 LTSS recipients, perceived physical health was rated as worse than the previous year by 36%. Bivariate analyses revealed no differences in perceived worsened physical health across LTSS types. In adjusted analyses, religiousness/spirituality and better mental and general health perception had a decreased odds of being associated with perceived worsened physical health ( P < .05). Participants with major changes in their health in the past 6 months were more likely to report perceived worsened physical health ( P < .001). Findings provide information that may be used to target efforts to enhance perceived physical health and improve quality of life among LTSS enrollees.