Evaluation of Anti-helminthic Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Calotropis procera and Morinda lucida on Adult Fasciola gigantica

Abstract

Mainstay anti-fascioliasis drugs are faced with the threat of drug resistance, hence, the need for new alternative chemotherapy for the management of the disease. The present study was conducted to determine the anthelminthic efficacy of ethanolic leaf extract of Calotropis procera and Morinda lucida against the adults of Fasciola gigantica. The ethanolic extract of air-dried pulverized leaves of C. procera and M. lucida was tested on matured flukes at different concentrations; 10, 20, 40, 50 and 100 mg/ml. The anti-Fasciola efficacy of M. lucida and C. procera extract was both time and concentration dependent (p < 0.05). The lowest death time (i.e. highest flukicidal activity) 26.67±5.77 min and 40±0.00 min was recorded at 100 mg/ml extract concentration in C. procera and M. lucida respectively. Generally, the adult flukes’ death time decreased with increase in the concentration of the plants extracts. The LC50 and LC90 of C. procera and M. lucida within 110 min exposure time were 4.61 and 10.87 mg/ml, and 24 and 46.8 mg/ml respectively. The study showed that C. procera and M. lucida have anti-Fasciola activities. The activity of C. procera however, was superior to that of M. lucida.

Keywords

• Fasciola species
• Morinda lucida
• Calotropis procera
• Mortality
• Lethal concentration.