The use of antibiotics in hospitalized adult typhoid patients in an Indonesian hospital

Abstract

AbstrakLatar belakang:Demam tifoid menduduki peringkat ke tiga dari 10 besar penyakit terbanyak pada pasien rawat inap di rumah sakit (RS) di Indonesia pada tahun 2010. Selain itu terdapat peningkatan resistensi dan kasus-kasus karier, dan relaps. Penelitian ini menyajikan hasil analisis data tentang penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien tifoid dewasa rawat inap di suatu RS di Indonesia. Metode: Data penelitian diekstrak dari rekam medik pasien tifoid dewasa yang dirawat inap di RS PMI Bogor periode Juli-Desember 2012. Analisis dilakukan dengan kualitatif (DU90%) dan kuantitatif (DDD/shr) dengan menggunakan metode ATC/DDD. Hasil: Dari 459 pasien tifoid dewasa rawat inap diperoleh DDD/shr pasien tifoid dewasa rawat inap yang menggunakan antibiotik selama dari Juli sampai Desember 2012 sebesar 6,35 DDD/shr. Seftriakson merupakan antibiotika yang dipakai tertinggi yang setara 4,10 DDD/shr, yang berarti bahwa di antara 100 pasien tifoid, 4 pasien memakai seftriakson 2 g setiap hari. Selanjutnya, obat pada segmen 10% lebih banyak dibandingkan pada segmen 90%. Di antara 26 jenis antibiotika, 7 jenis di antaranya termasuk pada segmen DU 90% yaitu seftriakson (64,54%); levofloksasin (13,90%); ciprofloksasin (3,57%); meropenem (2,80%); metronidazol (2,52%); ampisilin-sulbaktam (1,65%); dan sefditoren pivoksil (1,60%).Kesimpulan:Antibiotik seftriakson yang paling banyak digunakan pada perawatan tifoid pasien dewasa rawat inap di rumah sakit. (Health Science Indones 2014;1:40-3)Kata kunci:antibiotik, tifoid, ATC/DDD, DU 90%AbstractBackground: Typhoid fever was the third ranked disease among the top 10 diseases in hospitalized patients in Indonesia in 2011. There were increased drug resistance, increased number of carrier, and number of relapse cases. This study aimed to analyze the use of antibiotics in hospitalized adult typhoid patients in a hospital in Indonesia. Methods: The data were extracted from medical records of drug use in adult typhoid patients hospitalized in the Indonesian Red Cross Hospital in Bogor (West Java) during the period of July to December 2012. The analysis for typhoid was qualitatively (DU90%) and quantitatively (DDD /hbd) using ATC/DDD method.Results: From 459 typhoid patients, the total use of antibiotics in hospitalized adult typhoid patients during the period of July to December 2012 was6.35 DDD/hbd. The use of ceftriaxone had the highest DDD/hbd which was equal to 4.10 DDD/hbd. This meant out of 100 typhoid patients, 4 patients received 2 g ceftriaxone per day. Ceftriaxone was given in injection form. Furthermore, there were more drugs in segment 10% than 90% segment. From 26 types of antibiotics, 7 were included in the DU 90% segment which were ceftriaxone (64.54%); levofloxacin (13.90%); ciprofloxacin (3.57%); meropenem (2.80%); metronidazole (2.52%); ampicillin-sulbactam (1.65%); cefditoren pivoxil (1.60%).Conclusion: Ceftriaxone was the most widely used antibiotics in the treatment of hospitalized adult typhoid patients in a hospital in Indonesia. (Health Science Indones 2014;1:40-3)Key words: antibiotics, typhoid, ATC/DDD, DU 90%

Keywords

• antibiotics, typhoid, ATC/DDD, DU 90%