A Robust Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Method for a PEM Fuel Cell Power System

Abstract

Taking into account the limited capability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to produce energy, it is mandatory to provide solutions, in which an efficient power produced by PEMFCs can be attained. The maximum power point tracker (MPPT) plays a considerable role in the performance improvement of the PEMFCs. Conventional MPPT algorithms showed good performances due to their simplicity and easy implementation. However, oscillations around the maximum power point and inefficiency in the case of rapid change in operating conditions are their main drawbacks. To this end, a new MPPT scheme based on a current reference estimator is presented. The main goal of this work is to keep the PEMFCs functioning at an efficient power point. This goal is achieved using the backstepping technique, which drives the DC⁻DC boost converter inserted between the PEMFC and the load. The stability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by means of Lyapunov analysis. To verify the ability of the proposed method, an extensive simulation test is executed in a Matlab⁻Simulink TM environment. Compared with the well-known proportional⁻integral (PI) controller, results indicate that the proposed backstepping technique offers rapid and adequate converging to the operating power point.

Keywords

• PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs)
• DC–DC boost converter
• MPPT
• backstepping technique