Particulate Matter 2.5 Pollution Impact on Comorbid Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in the U.S.

Ashish Kumar, MD; Sumanth Khadke, MD; Sadeer AlKindi, MD; Sanjay Rajagopalan, MD; Khurram Nasir, MD; Dhruv Kazi, MD; Javaria Ahmad, MD; Safi Khan, MD; Aarti Asnani, MD; Daniel Addison, MD; Diego Sadler, MD; Anita Deswal, MD; Ana Barac, MD; Avirup Guha, MD; Jennifer Liu, MD; Daniel Lenihan, MD; Tomas G. Neilan, MD; Salim Hayek, MD; Joerg Hermann, MD; Anju Nohria, MD; Sourbha S. Dani, MD; Sarju Ganatra, MD

JACC: Advances (Aug 2024)

Particulate Matter 2.5 Pollution Impact on Comorbid Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in the U.S.

Ashish Kumar, MD,
Sumanth Khadke, MD,
Sadeer AlKindi, MD,
Sanjay Rajagopalan, MD,
Khurram Nasir, MD,
Dhruv Kazi, MD,
Javaria Ahmad, MD,
Safi Khan, MD,
Aarti Asnani, MD,
Daniel Addison, MD,
Diego Sadler, MD,
Anita Deswal, MD,
Ana Barac, MD,
Avirup Guha, MD,
Jennifer Liu, MD,
Daniel Lenihan, MD,
Tomas G. Neilan, MD,
Salim Hayek, MD,
Joerg Hermann, MD,
Anju Nohria, MD,
Sourbha S. Dani, MD,
Sarju Ganatra, MD

Affiliations

Ashish Kumar, MD: Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Akron General, Akron, Ohio, USA
Sumanth Khadke, MD: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
Sadeer AlKindi, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
Sanjay Rajagopalan, MD: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Khurram Nasir, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
Dhruv Kazi, MD: Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Javaria Ahmad, MD: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
Safi Khan, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
Aarti Asnani, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Daniel Addison, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University; Columbus, Ohio, USA
Diego Sadler, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida; Weston, Florida, USA
Anita Deswal, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Ana Barac, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Annandale, Virginia, USA
Avirup Guha, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
Jennifer Liu, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
Daniel Lenihan, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Tomas G. Neilan, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Salim Hayek, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Joerg Hermann, MD: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Anju Nohria, MD: Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Sourbha S. Dani, MD: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
Sarju Ganatra, MD: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA; Address for correspondence: Dr Sarju Ganatra, Department of Medicine (Research), Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, Massachusetts 01805, USA.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 3, no. 8
p. 101106

Abstract

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Background: Evidence regarding the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) 2.5 and comorbid cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is limited. Objectives: In this study, the author report the association between long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and CVD mortality, cancer mortality and comorbid cancer and CVD mortality in the U.S. population. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER (Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) multiple-cause-of-death database was used to obtain U.S. county-level mortality and population estimates from 2016 to 2020. Data on average daily density of PM 2.5 were abstracted from the 2018 CDC’s National Environmental Public Health Tracking system. Counties were divided into quartiles with Q1 representing counties with least average daily density and Q4 representing counties with maximum average daily density of PM 2.5. Age-adjusted mortality rates were abstracted for each quartile, for the overall population and subgroups of population. Results: The age-adjusted mortality rates for CVD, cancer, and comorbid cancer and CVD mortality were 505.3 (range: 505.0-505.7), 210.7 (range: 210.5-210.9), and 62.0 (range: 61.8-62.1) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. CVD mortality had the highest percentage excess mortality in Q4 compared with Q1, followed by comorbid cancer and CVD. Cancer had the least percentage excess mortality. A disproportionate effect of PM 2.5 exposure was noted on vulnerable and minority groups, based on Social Vulnerability Index and race stratification, respectively. Conclusions: Higher levels of long-term PM 2.5 exposure reported increased CVD mortality, cancer mortality and comorbid cancer and CVD disease mortality, with a pronounced detrimental effect in vulnerable and minority population.

Published in JACC: Advances

ISSN: 2772-963X (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system; Medicine: Internal medicine: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/jacc-advances

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