پژوهشهای مدیریت عمومی (May 2021)
Designing a Model for Monitoring the Productivity of the Automotive Industry
Abstract
Extended Abstract Abstract The purpose of this article is to design a model for monitoring the productivity of Iran's automotive industry. The research population of this research includes 11 managers and strategists of industrial companies in the field of research subject (automotive industry). In this article, an attempt has been made to identify the most effective indicators affecting the productivity of the automotive industry, and by using an interpretive structural approach, the importance of each in comparison with each other is determined and finally a model for continuous monitoring of their productivity is presented. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed through content and Holstie validity. To identify the indicators affecting the productivity of the automotive industry and to provide a practical model to achieve the desired level of it, two companies Saipa and Iran Khodro have been studied and as a result, using studies related to the productivity of those companies and using Opinions of experts working in it, sixteen indicators to increase production productivity in five dimensions were identified and reviewed. The relationships between these indicators have been determined based on an interpretive structural model and a new model has been systematically formulated and presented. The result of the article indicates the significant importance of obtaining certificates and standards related to the introduced industry and their periodic monitoring. Introduction The automotive industry is a collection of the country's industries that use the most advanced technologies in the world. The automotive industry in our country can be a driving force for various economic sectors. Because this industry has a back and forth connection with many other industries. In terms of texture and structure of production and market formation; Automotive manufacturing in Iran is completely isolated from the global market competition and is over-supported by the government, and it can be said that automotive manufacturing in the world has all these possibilities. This has led to a bilateral monopoly on buying and selling, high car prices, low quality of products, pollution and high consumption of energy carriers in the country. Currently, transnational companies have full dominance in the global car market, and the automotive industry in the world is in the hands of a large number of major automakers. These transnational companies have reached their current position with the purchase and merger of other automakers in the world, as well as the establishment of assembly or parts manufacturing units in other countries, and in this competitive environment, many important and well-known global companies have not stopped competing. So it seems difficult to separate the car from this set. The most important reason for the integration and focus of the automotive industry is the economic scale; Because no other automaker with a low production scale is able to cover the costs of design and development, marketing and sales, and other items in this industry, and this issue has been considered in recent years in a way that is considered by the Iranian automotive industry; But it is not enough. Given that the increase in productivity and efficiency of this industry can lead to an increase in industrial production as a result of economic growth; Based on what has been said, this research will help us to develop effective long-term and medium-term strategies to improve productivity and ultimately the performance of these companies. Since in previous studies, the productivity of the automotive industry from an economic and accounting point of view has been studied, so the present research has addressed this issue from a managerial point of view. Case study The research community includes 11 managers and strategists of industrial companies selected in the field of research (automotive industry). Materials and Methods The method of data collection is structured by a questionnaire. Content validity (CVR) was used to ensure the validity of the questionnaire. This index is designed by Laushe. In this study, Holsti's method was used to calculate reliability. Structural-interpretive equation method was used to analyze the data. Discussion and Results Obtaining standards and certificates including OHSAS and ISO and certificates related to quality and environmentally friendly and ... Also, monitoring these standards and certifications in the automotive industry is the most basic and most influential indicator in productivity, while according to Figure (2), this index has the highest influence and least dependence and its position is at the highest level of the chart. (1) is located. After that, the other two indicators, entitled Optimal Planning for Raw Materials Supply and Training of Personnel in this industry, are at the next level, and at its lower levels, the optimal choice of suppliers is to increase the ratio of construction projects that have been approved for the first time. May their influence gradually diminish. In the last level of ranking indicators, there are factors called customer satisfaction, reducing the amount of returned product from the customer, increasing the level of sales and increasing employee satisfaction and increasing the ability to succeed in tenders, which have been influenced by higher level indicators. These indicators in Figure (2) have a very high dependence on other indicators and are the result of achieving all indicators of levels higher than themselves. Conclusion In order to understand the relationships between levels and indicators that are extracted from the structural and interpretive modeling method, both output of the penetration power analysis chart - the dependence of the indicators and the final model should be considered. The above results do not mean that indicators or processes such as customer satisfaction and reducing the amount of returned product are less important than other indicators, but rather indicate their significant impact on other processes in the organization. Proper planning and optimal principles of supply and preparation of raw materials and goods and the use of standard production methods, which are constantly monitored and maintained, and having a trained and expert force and advanced machinery in itself cause significant customer satisfaction, Decreasing the amount of returned product from the customer, increasing the level of sales, increasing the level of employee satisfaction and ultimately increasing the success of tenders will be.
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