Aquaculture Reports (Aug 2023)
Comparison of the nutrient value, nonspecific immunity, and intestinal microflora of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in different culture modes
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the nutritional composition, digestive enzyme activity, nonspecific immunity, and intestinal microflora of Procambarus clarkii under different culture modes: crayfish and crab coculture, pond intensive farmed culture (PF), rice and crayfish coculture (RC), cement pond culture (CP), and wild-caught. The muscle, hepatopancreas, and intestine of crayfish with a mean weight of 25.35 ± 4.23 g were collected and examined. The results showed that the nutritive value of amino acids and fatty acids in the muscle was higher in the RC group than in the other groups. Moreover, muscle crude protein contents were the highest in the CP group. Trypsin activities in the intestines were significantly higher in the PF and CP groups than in the other groups (P < 0.05). The alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities of the PF group were the lowest, whereas the CP group showed high AKP and ACP activities and low malondialdehyde levels. The dominant bacterial communities in the intestine of P. clarkii included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, RsaHF231, Tenericutes, and Planctomycetes at the phylum level and ZOR0006, Candidatus Bacilloplasma, and Aeromonas at the genus level. These results suggested that the dominant bacterial community phyla and genera in the intestine varied greatly between the culture modes. The results of principal coordinate analysis based on the operational taxonomic unit level showed that the bacterial community distribution in the CP group was quite different from that in the other groups, indicating dramatic variations in species diversity. Our current findings will provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the association between the culture modes of P. clarkii and nutrition, immunity, and intestinal microflora.
