Examining the risk factors of chronic pelvic pain and its effect on the quality of life in refugee and non-refugee women

Abstract

Abstract Background This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic pelvic pain(CPP) in refugee and non-refugee women, determine the factors associated with CPP, and evaluate the effect of CPP on life quality. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 283 non-refugee and 278 refugee women in Turkey. A questionnaire including questions assessing chronic pelvic pain and related factors, World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form(WHOQOL-BREF), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, were administered to the participants. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of chronic pelvic pain was 41.0% in refugee women and 19.1% in non-refugee women (p< 0.001). The prevalence of CPP was 1.68 times higher in refugee women than in non-refugee women (OR;95%CI:1.68;1.01–2.81). In the multivariate analysis performed in the study group, refugee status, low family income status(OR;95%CI:2.09;1.26–3.46), low back pain(OR;95%CI:2.02;1.21–3.35), dyspareunia (OR; 95%CI:2.96;1.75–4.99), number of three or more miscarriages (OR;95%CI:3.07;1.18–8.01), history of gynaecological surgery (OR;95%CI:2.44;1.33–4.50), diarrhea (OR;95%CI:2.01;1.07–3.76), urinary tract infections(OR; 95%CI:1.66;1.02–2.71) and anxiety(OR; 95%CI:1.17;1.10–1.24) were found to be risk factors for CPP. In the refugee and non-refugee groups, those with CPP had lower scores in all subdomains of the WHOQOL-BREF scale than those without CPP (p < 0.05). Conclusions Refugee status independently contributes to the risk of developing CPP. Targeted interventions to address CPP and its associated risk factors are needed, particularly in vulnerable refugee populations, to improve their quality of life.

Keywords

• Refugee
• Women
• Chronic pelvic pain
• Quality of life