Efeitos da isoflavona sobre os sintomas climatéricos e o perfil lipídico na mulher em menopausa Effects of isoflavone on menopausal symptoms and blood lipids in postmenopausal women

Abstract

OBJETIVO: avaliar os efeitos da isoflavona, do gérmen da soja, sobre os sintomas climatéricos e o perfil lipídico na mulher em menopausa. MÉTODOS: foi conduzido estudo prospectivo, com 50 mulheres em menopausa, divididas em: G1, usuárias de isoflavona (60 mg/dia) (n=25), e G2, placebo (n=25). Os critérios de inclusão foram FSH >40 mUI/mL e presença de fogachos. Foram excluídas as vegetarianas, fumantes, asiáticas, portadoras de doenças gastrointestinais e usuárias de terapia de reposição hormonal. No seguimento, de seis meses, foram obtidos o índice menopausal de Kupperman (IMK), o perfil hormonal e o lipídico. Na análise estatística, empregaram-se ANOVA, o teste t pareado e as provas não paramétricas de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: os valores medianos do IMK, inicialmente iguais entre os grupos (IMK = 20), reduziram-se nas usuárias de isoflavona aos 2 e 4 meses (IMK = 14 e 9, respectivamente) e no grupo controle, apenas aos 2 meses (IMK = 15) (pPURPOSE: to evaluate the effects of soy germ isoflavone on menopausal symptoms and blood lipids in postmenopausal women. METHODS: a prospective study was performed on 50 women, randomly divided into two groups: 25 women on soy germ isoflavones (60 mg/day, capsules) (G1) and 25 women on placebo (G2). Inclusion criteria: women with hot flushes and FSH >40 mIU/mL, non-vegetarian, non-smoker, non-Asiatic, not in use of hormone replacement therapy and without disease of the gastrointestinal tract. For six months, the menopausal Kupperman index (MKI) and hormonal and lipid profiles were assessed. For statistical analysis, ANOVA, t test and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used. RESULTS: the median MKI values, initially similar in both groups, decreased in G1 at two and four months (MKI = 14 and 9, respectively), and in G2 at two months (MKI = 15) (p<0.01). At six months, isoflavone was significantly superior to placebo in reducing hot flushes (44 versus 12%, respectively). At the end of the study, in the isoflavone group, an increase in estradiol levels (from 16,8±7.3 to 18,0±6.7 ng/dL) (p<0.05) was observed, with no alteration in FSH, LH and vaginal cytology; there was also a reduction of 11.8% in LDL (from 151.5±39.2 for 133,6±26.4 mg/dL) and a HDL increase of 27.3% (from 44.0±11.3 to 56.0±11.9 mg/dL) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: soy germ isoflavone induced favorable effects on menopausal symptoms and lipid profile, showing to be an interesting option for alternative therapy in postmenopausal women.

Keywords

• Menopausa
• Endométrio
• Perfil lipídico
• Menopause
• Hot flushes
• Lipid profile