Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein sebagai Penanda Prognostik pada Stroke Iskemik Akut

Abstract

Stroke is a neurological emergency that occurs suddenly and is the third leading cause of death in the world after heart disease and cancer. Ischemic stroke is the most common cause, namely 87% of all stroke cases. Biological markers are needed to describe the damage to brain nerve cells so that they can help clinicians to make a diagnosis of ischemic stroke. One of these markers is serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) which is expressed by brain glial cells, namely astrocytes. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the Central Nervous System (CNS) which play an important role in maintaining physiological functions and maintaining brain homeostasis. Astrocytes are the earliest and most responsive cells to react when brain ischemia occurs. At the time of brain ischemia there will be hypertrophy of astrocyte cells which is referred to as astrogliosis process so that GFAP is produced and excreted into the bloodstream. Increasing GFAP levels with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 97% indicates astrocyte cell reactivity with a threshold cut off of 0.29 ng/mL and is characterized by a worsening of the degree of neurological deficit and worsening of clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Keywords

• glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap)
• stroke severity
• outcome
• prognosis
• acute ischemic stroke