Formation of harmful volatile substances in sewage systems and their neutralization

Abstract

The study of the ways of harmful volatile substance formation in sewerage systems, as well as a rapid and economical neutralization of these substances by construction, mechanical, physical and chemical, hydrodynamic and other methods is an urgent task that contributes to the protection of humans and the environment from toxic pollutants. The purpose of the presented studies is evaluation of the effectiveness of the impact on harmful volatile substances, through application of various methods designed to completely eliminate the conditions for the occurrence of odors harmful to human health or significantly reduce their amount to the maximum permissible concentrations in the airspace of cities. The methods have considered the description of the available ways of the odor identification by chemical and organoleptic analysis. The results provide a description of methods for blocking the formation of volatile substances. The operational works (methods of pipeline cleaning, ventilation, dosing of chemicals in waste waters) have been considered as the blocking measures, and the construction design ones (reconstruction of networks and facilities, biological, thermal, catalytic, electro-physical and other gas treatment methods) have been considered as the ways to reduce the spread of noxious odors. As a conclusion, it is noted that the complete elimination of the harmful volatile substance problem is possible by taking comprehensive measures to eliminate (minimize) the emission of gases into the environment.