Cancer Medicine (Jul 2024)

A propensity score‐matched comparison of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin‐5FU and carboplatin–paclitaxel in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A Turkish oncology group study

  • Fatih Gürler,
  • Fatih Tay,
  • Zehra Sucuoğlu İşleyen,
  • Tahir Yerlikaya,
  • Engin Hendem,
  • Selin Aktürk Esen,
  • Osman Sütçüoğlu,
  • Deniz Işık,
  • Büşra Niğdelioğlu,
  • Miraç Özen,
  • Elif Şahin,
  • Teoman Şakalar,
  • Nilay Şengül Samancı,
  • Özkan Alan,
  • İlhan Hacıbekiroğlu,
  • Efnan Algın,
  • Melek Karakurt Yılmaz,
  • Hacı Mehmet Türk,
  • Berna Öksüzoğlu,
  • Aydın Yavuz,
  • Osman Yüksel,
  • Hüseyin Bora,
  • Ozan Yazıcı,
  • Ahmet Özet,
  • Nuriye Özdemir

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70002
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 14
pp. n/a – n/a

Abstract

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Abstract Background Neoadjuvant treatment is the standard treatment in locally advanced ESCC. However, the optimal chemotherapy regimen is not known. Method This is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted with propensity score matching. Patients with resectable ESCC from 13 tertiary centers from Türkiye were screened between January 2011 and December 2021. We compared the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with the CF and the CROSS regimens in patients with ESCC. Results Three hundred and sixty‐two patients were screened. Patients who received induction chemotherapy (n = 72) and CROSS‐ineligible (n = 31) were excluded. Two hundred and fifty nine patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After propensity score matching (n = 97 in both groups), the mPFS was 18.4 months (95% CI, 9.3–27.4) and 25.7 months (95% CI, 15.6–35.7; p = 0.974), and the mOS was 35.2 months (95% CI, 18.9–51.5) and 39.6 months (95% CI 20.1–59.2; p = 0.534), in the CF and the CROSS groups, respectively. There was no difference between subgroups regarding PFS and OS. Compared with the CF group, the CROSS group had a higher incidence of neutropenia (34.0% vs. 62.9%, p < 0.001) and anemia (54.6% vs. 75.3%, p = 0.003) in all grades. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in grade 3–4 anemia, grade 3–4 neutropenia, and febrile neutropenia between groups. There were more dose reductions and dose delays in the CROSS group than in the CF group (11.3% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.026 and 34.0% vs. 17.5%, p = 0.009, respectively). The resection rate was 52.6% in the CF‐RT and 35.1% in the CROSS groups (p = 0.014). Conclusion Favorable PFS and pCR rates and a comparable OS were obtained with the CROSS regimen over the CF regimen as neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with ESCC.

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