Arthroscopic and Endoscopic Technique for Subcoracoid Synovial Chondromatosis of the Shoulder Through a Medial Transpectoral Portal

Abstract

Synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder is a rare disorder characterized by metaplastic synovial proliferation, causing multiple loose bodies usually localized intra-articularly. Surgical treatment with open techniques through a deltopectoral approach has been commonly used. The evolution of arthroscopy has allowed a complete joint assessment and the extraction of intra-articular loose bodies with less morbidity than open techniques. Nevertheless, this pathology occurs less frequently in the subcoracoid bursa. Access to this bursa may be more complicated when extracting loose bodies that cause pain and functional limitation in performing activities of daily living. We describe an arthroscopic and endoscopic technique for the treatment of subcoracoid synovial chondromatosis through a medial transpectoral portal, allowing safe loose body extraction under direct visualization around the coracoid process and brachial plexus. The literature was reviewed, and benefits of this endoscopic technique were analyzed.