A novel deep unsupervised approach for super-resolution of remote sensing hyperspectral image using gompertz-function convergence war accelerometric-optimization generative adversarial network (GF-CWAO-GAN)

Abstract

Abstract Hyperspectral remote sensing images obtained from cameras are characterized by high-dimensions and low quality, which makes them unfavorable for various analytics purposes. This is due to the presence of visible and invisible frequencies of the reflected light making it poorly reveal the spectral signatures of the image. Visual communication advancement has paved the need for Image Super-Resolution (SR) which recovers high-resolution images from low-resolution images. Several works were carried out earlier on image SR using variants of supervised and unsupervised models that still lack accuracy. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised learning model titled Gompertz Function–based Convergence War Accelerometric Optimization–GAN framework for generating of High-Resolution (HR) images. The framework comprises a pre-processing stage, where the incoming Low-Resolution (LR) image is preprocessed for noise removal by applying Shannon-Gaussian Filter (S-GF). Following is the Gradient Domain Approach based Tone-Mapping (TM). Skew correction is done to remove distortion and maintain original resolution that may change during TM stage. The next stage comprises the boundary and edge enhancement of the resulting preprocessed image generated by the method of Inverse Gradient Mapping (IGM) followed by patch extraction to extract minute low-frequency information from the resulting boundary and edge-enhanced image. The contrast of the enhanced patches is improved by removing blurriness effect. The preprocessed image patches are then fed into the Gompertz Function-based Convergence War Accelerometric Optimization – GAN for feature mapping on the trained SR Image features that are clustered using Krzanowski and Li- Kantorovich Metric-K-Means clustering Algorithm (KL-KM-KMA) for effective generation of SR image. The developed model is validated for both qualitative and quantitative measurements. Comparisons are made with several other state-of -the-art methods for accuracy of 98.05%, precision of 97.98%, inception score of 8.71, Fréchet Inception Distance of 36.4 with reduced clustering and training time proving the efficiency of the proposed model.

Keywords

• Super-resolution (SR)
• Low resolution (LR) image
• High resolution (HR) image
• Remote sensing image
• Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)
• Shannon Gaussian Filter