Functional Roles and Genomic Impact of Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs) in Prokaryotes

Abstract

Prokaryotic genomes are dynamic tapestries that are strongly influenced by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including transposons (Tn’s), plasmids, and bacteriophages. Of these, miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are undoubtedly the least studied MGEs in bacteria and archaea. This review explores the diversity and distribution of MITEs in prokaryotes and describes what is known about their functional roles in the host and involvement in genomic plasticity and evolution.

Keywords

• prokaryote
• genomes
• miniature inverted repeat transposable elements
• MITEs
• evolution
• transposons