Mesoporous bioactive glass surface modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) electrospun fibrous scaffold for bone regeneration

Abstract

Shijie Chen,1,* Zhiyuan Jian,2,* Linsheng Huang,2,* Wei Xu,3,* Shaohua Liu,4 Dajiang Song,3 Zongmiao Wan,3 Amanda Vaughn,5 Ruisen Zhan,1 Chaoyue Zhang,1 Song Wu,1 Minghua Hu,6 Jinsong Li1 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2The First General Surgery Department of Shiyan Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; 6Department of Anthropotomy, Changsha Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: A mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) surface modified with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) electrospun fibrous scaffold for bone regeneration was prepared by dip-coating a PLGA electrospun fibrous scaffold into MBG precursor solution. Different surface structures and properties were acquired by different coating times. Surface morphology, chemical composition, microstructure, pore size distribution, and hydrophilicity of the PLGA-MBG scaffold were characterized. Results of scanning electron microscopy indicated that MBG surface coating made the scaffold rougher with the increase of MBG content. Scaffolds after MBG modification possessed mesoporous architecture on the surface. The measurements of the water contact angles suggested that the incorporation of MBG into the PLGA scaffold improved the surface hydrophilicity. An energy dispersive spectrometer evidenced that calcium-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite formed on the PLGA-MBG scaffolds after a 7-day immersion in simulated body fluid. In vitro studies showed that the incorporation of MBG favored cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on the PLGA scaffolds. Moreover, the MBG surface-modified PLGA (PLGA-MBG) scaffolds were shown to be capable of providing the improved adsorption/release behaviors of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). It is very significant that PLGA-MBG scaffolds could be effective for BMP-2 delivery and bone regeneration. Keywords: mesoporous, scaffolds, bone regeneration, stem cells, BMP-2