Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DEHA-S), cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in drug-naive, first episode patients with psychosis

Abstract

Introduction Impaired response to stress and a pathological activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia Objectives To measure serum ACTH, cortisol and DEHA-S levels in drug-naïve, first-episode patients with psychosis. Methods Results are reported as mean (standard deviation, range). Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test were performed for group comparisons. The level of significance was set at p-value<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata 15.1. Results Data were included for 110 subjects (70 men, 40 women); 55 patients and 55 controls matched for age and sex. Mean age was 31.3 years (8.7, 18-48) in patients and 31.4 years (8.9, 17-49) in controls. Serum cortisol and Cortisol/DHEA-S ratio were statistically significantly lower in patients [12.6μg/dl (4.5, 3.5-24.5) and 5.3 (3.6, 1.3-19.5), respectively] compared to controls [15.5 μg/dl (4.9, 4.2-30.1) and 8 (4.7, 1.1-25.5), respectively] (p-value=0.0068 and 0.0005, respectively). Additionally, serum DHEA-S was statistically significantly higher in patients [306.5 μg/dl(165.4, 70-790)] compared to controls [240.1 μg/dl(113.5, 46-597)] (p-value=0.0114). ACTH was also higher in patients [28.5 pg/ml(15.7, 6.2-73.9)] than controls [26.5 pg/ml (15.3, 7-70.5)] but this difference wasn’t statistically significant (p-value=0.6359). Conclusions We report elevated DEHA-S, decreased cortisol levels and decreased cortisol/DEHA-S ratio in the patients’ compared to the controls’ group. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Keywords

• DEHA-S
• ACTH
• psychosis
• cortisol