Intramuscular hemangioma of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle in an adult treated with intralesional bleomycin injections

Abstract

Purpose: Intramuscular hemangiomas of the head and neck are rare and account for fewer than 1% of total cases. Reports of intramuscular hemangiomas in adults' eyelids, orbital and periorbital regions are especially scarce, conceivably because occurrence in the masseter muscle is more common. Herein we report a highly unusual case of hemangioma located in the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle of an adult patient. This report describes the clinical and pathological assessment of the patient, subsequent diagnosis of periorbital intramuscular hemangioma, and conception and implementation of a treatment approach using intralesional bleomycin injections. Observations: A 29-year-old female patient without other clinical complaints presented with an enlarged, painless mass in the upper left eyelid. Physical examination of the mass suggested a vascular origin, and hemangioma diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography and incisional biopsy. The anatomical location was determined as the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle involving mixed capillary-sized and cavernous-sized vessels. The treatment strategy involved monthly intralesional bleomycin injections (1 mL volume; 3 IU/mL) for 4 consecutive months resulting in notable size reversion. The patients experienced no associated complications, and the size remained stable over the 2-year follow-up period. Conclusions: Intralesional bleomycin injections may offer an effective and safe treatment option for intramuscular hemangioma in the periorbital region. However, larger studies are needed to substantiate these findings further.

Keywords

• Hemangioma
• Eyelids
• Bleomycin
• Intralesional injections
• Case report