A study of bacterial pathogens obtained from various samples in a tertiary care hospital and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great concern in recent years as it is posing a global threat. The present study was undertaken to identify the prevalence of common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and to tackle the AMR by strict implementation of antibiotic stewardship programme (AMSP). Methods: We prospectively studied the microbiome and its antibiotic susceptibility patterns from various clinical samples at our tertiary care hospital, from January to June 2018. All samples were processed as per standard protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2016 guidelines. Results: Escherichia coli was the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella spp, Acinetobacter spp and Pseudomonas spp. More than 50% resistance was observed to third generation cephalosporins and quinolones in all Gram negative isolates. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus constituted 41% and 54% respectively. Vancomycin intermediate-sensitive S. aureus/vancomycin resistance S. aureus were not evident. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (n = 10) were also isolated, but all were sensitive to linezolid. Conclusions: The present study highlights the alarming development of multidrug-resistance to almost all the drugs with a very few exceptions. Continuous and periodic evaluation of bacteriological profile and its susceptibility patterns are helpful in formulating appropriate antibiotic policy to tackle the AMR.

Keywords

• antimicrobial stewardship
• bacterial
• drug resistance
• multiple