Glass Pendants from the Burials of Nomads of the 13th–14th Centuries

Abstract

Glass pendants originating from the nomad burials of the 13th–14th centuries form a most numerous category of the finds. A total of 63 items have been studied. The basis for the systematization of the beads is such features as the manufacturing technology, as well as the ornamentation, shape, size and color. Pendants, as а part of the archaeological complex, are an important element of the reconstruction of the costume. The territory of the Lower Volga region features well-preserved burials, in a number of which a certain order in the arrangement of pendants has been traced, and the method of wearing is being reconstructed. Pendants decorated a woman's headdress, formed the center of a necklace, were used in the form of amulets, and also served as a decoration for a purse or bag. The men's costume of the Horde is characterized by the use of large blue or ornamented pendants as retainers for weapon straps, and purse decoration.

Keywords

• archaeology
• medieval nomads
• the golden horde
• glass pendants
• adornments