劃界與跨界：探討代間教育流動對音樂文化資本的影響 Demarcation and Boundary Crossing: An Inquiry into the Effects of Intergenerational Educational Mobility on Musical and Cultural Capital

Abstract

本研究聚焦在作為一種異質性社會化經驗來源的教育流動及其與文化資本的關聯性探討。本研究使用2007年施測的「臺灣地區社會變遷基本調查」資料做分析。研究的主要發現：一、臺灣社會透過音樂文化資本區辨出幾乎不消費、純食流行音樂、純食高雅音樂、雜食且偏好在地音樂、不一致的雜食等五種集群。二、音樂文化資本的劃界不僅出現在純食與雜食群體之間，雜食和純食群體內部還有各自的異質性。三、家庭背景是形塑音樂文化資本的最主要社會化脈絡，但並非唯一，社會流動過程所添加的音樂文化資本成了秀異的關鍵，故文化再製模型弱假設獲得支持。四、向上流動者的雜食特質是來自跨界流動經驗轉化為「排拒」和「仿效」兩種主要的社會實踐行動，上層低度流動者的雜食則是「區辨仿效者」和「文化善意」的結果。 This article focuses on educational mobility as a source of heterogeneity in the socialization experience and its association with cultural capital. This study utilizes data collected from the 2007 Taiwan Social Change Survey. The main research findings are as follows: (1) Five clusters were identified in Taiwanese society in terms of musical and cultural capital; (2) Although the demarcation of cultural capital is apparent between univorous and omnivorous groups, there is also heterogeneity within omnivorous and univorous groups; (3) Family background is the most important social context that shapes musical and cultural capital, but is not the only one to do so. The musical and cultural capital added during social mobility has become critical to the distinction, providing weak support for a cultural reproduction model. (4) The omnivorous traits of persons who experienced upward mobility resulted from the two major social practices of “rejection” and “imitation,” which transformed the cross-boundary mobility experience, whereas the low mobility experienced by individuals with omnivorous traits in high social classes resulted from “distinction imitators” and “cultural goodwill.”

Keywords

• 文化資本
• 文化再製
• 社會流動
• 秀異
• 雜食
• cultural capital
• cultural reproduction
• social mobility
• distinction
• omnivorousness