How Is Time Distributed in a River Meander Belt?

Abstract

Abstract River meandering controls the age of floodplains through its characteristic paces of growth and eventual cutoff of channel bends, forming oxbows. Hence, floodplain‐age distributions should reflect a river's characteristic size and migration rate. This hypothesis has been previously tested in numerical simulations, yet without systematic comparisons with natural systems. Here we analyze oxbow spacing and timescales of bend evolution and abandonment in natural and numerically simulated meander belts. In both cases, a saturated state is achieved whereby oxbows are spaced ∼1 meander radius apart. At saturation, the distribution of floodplain ages and probability of sediment‐storage time can be constrained from characteristic timescales of bend evolution and abandonment. Owing to the similar relationships between floodplain width and characteristic timescales in natural and simulated rivers, we postulate that this approach should apply to unconfined meandering rivers elsewhere—a hypothesis to be tested with independent geo‐ or dendrochronological data.

Keywords

• fluvial
• meandering
• floodplain
• numerical simulation
• dynamic time warping
• modeling