Elucidating the genetic potential of hybrids derived from elite maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds for economic traits under North-Western Himalayan condition

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the combining ability of newly acquired maize inbred lines over the environments. Twenty-eight crosses developed by crossing eight elite inbreds in a half-diallel mating design were evaluated during kharif, 2019 for 12 agro-morphological traits in RBD with two replications at two different environments reflecting diverse agro-climatic and ecological conditions of North-Western Himalayas (SAREC, Kangra and HAREC, Bajaura). Analysis of variance showed that there was sufficient amount of genetic variability in the material studied. In accordance to Bartlett’s test, error variance was homogeneous only for six traits. Estimates of σ2SCA were higher as compared to σ2GCA both within and across environments for all the traits, except days to 75 per cent brown husk at Kangra, representing prevalence of non-additive gene action for these traits. The inbred line B73 at Bajaura, and LM14 at Kangra were found to be good general combiner for most traits. The inbreds with good GCA can be used as potential parents for the development of high yielding single cross maize hybrids. The hybrid combinations namely, B73 × BAJIM1811 and BAJIM1522 × BAJIM1811 were identified as potentially superior ones at Kangra and Bajaura environments. The identified promising hybrids need further assessment for their superiority in performance across the locations and over years.

Keywords

• general combining ability
• specific combining ability
• gene action and maize