Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Dec 2009)
Avaliação da proporção de colágeno no tecido uterino antes e após tratamento do leiomioma uterino pela embolização arterial Collagen histomorphometric evaluation in uterin tissue samples before and after treatment of uterine fibroids with arterial embolization
Abstract
OBJETIVO: analisar as repercussões histomorfométricas da embolização das artérias uterinas (EAU) no tecido uterino, especialmente mediante quantificação de tecido colágeno, através de biópsia uterina antes e após tratamento de leiomioma uterino. MÉTODOS: participaram do estudo 15 pacientes portadoras de leiomiomas sintomáticos e/ou com infertilidade, submetidas à EAU após ciência do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, obedecendo aos critérios de exclusão do estudo. Foi realizada biópsia uterina na fase secretória do ciclo menstrual antes e três meses após o procedimento, para avaliação do colágeno. Após o processamento histológico do material, foram feitos cortes de 3µ, sendo alguns corados pela hematoxilina-eosina (HE), e outros pela coloração específica para fibras colágenas (Picrosirius red). Em seguida, foi realizada a leitura e interpretação das lâminas e a quantificação do colágeno. Sua quantificação foi calculada como o percentual da área composta por colágeno, e o resultado expresso em média±desvio padrão (DP). Os dados foram então submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste t de Student pareado (pPURPOSE: to analyze histomorphometric consequences of the uterine arteries embolization (UAE) in the uterine tissue, especially by collagen tissue quantification through uterine biopsy, before and after treatment of uterine leiomyoma. METHODS: 15 patients with symptomatic leyomioma and/or infertility, submitted to UAE, participated in the study according to the study exclusion criteria, after having signed an informed consent. Uterine biopsy was performed in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, before and three months after the procedure, to evaluate the collagen. After the histological processing of the material, 3 µ slices were prepared, some of them dyed with hematoxiline-eosin (HE) and others with the specific dye for collagen fibers (Picrosirius red). Then, the slides were examined and interpreted, and the collagen quantified. The amount was calculated as the percent of the area composed by collagen, and the result expressed in mean±standard deviation (SD). Data has then been submitted to statistical analysis by Student's paired t test (p<0.05). RESULTS: the presence of smooth muscle cells was observed in the biopsies performed before the treatment, surrounded by a rich network of collagen fibers, which are part of the tumor, blood vessels and fibroblast nuclei. On the slides of biopsies performed after the treatment, it was observed the presence of widespread coagulation necrosis, vascular thrombosis, calcification and lymphoplasmocitary infiltration areas and clear reduction of the collagen component. The percentage of collagen fibers was higher in the pre-UAE group (84.07±1.41), than in the post-UAE (81.05±1.50) group, with p<0.0001, and 95% confidence interval (CI95%) from 2.080 to 3.827. CONCLUSION: the quantitative and qualitative collagen reduction clearly shows that the proposed treatment is efficient in reducing the tumoral mass, composed mainly by collagen fibers intermingled with neoplasic smooth muscle cells. Nevertheless, complementary studies are needed to investigate the functional and biological consequences of these histological changes.
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