Acta Biomedica Scientifica (Jul 2024)
Parenteral chronic viral hepatitis in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) as the most important medical and social problem
Abstract
Background. The severe course of parenteral viral hepatitis and their further chronicity are associated with the presence of immunodeficiency disorders, frequency of which increases significantly in harsh climate. The article discusses the spread of parenteral viral hepatitis in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the issues of organizing medical care for patients with chronic viral hepatitis at the regional level.The aim of the study. To analyze the incidence rates of parenteral viral hepatitis in the Arctic regions of Yakutia in order to improve the health care system using the example of remote areas of hard access.Methods. The work uses materials from official statistics of the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2000–2022 and information from the “Chronic viral hepatitis in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)” register. Results. In the Arctic regions of Yakutia, problems are observed in chronic forms of viral hepatitis B, C and D, as well as in their outcomes, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer, leading to early disability and mortality. In the general structure, hepatitis B infection prevails, which indicates the presence of family foci of infection. All this requires a complex of not only therapeutic, but also advanced anti-epidemiological measures.Conclusion. The difficult epidemiological situation regarding parenteral viral hepatitis, caused by extreme natural and climatic conditions, genetic characteristics of the indigenous population and the lack of medical institutions specializing in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis, dictates the need to strengthen systematic on-site monitoring studies and telemedicine consultations in the Arctic zone of Yakutia. Thanks to this, residents of hard-to-reach areas of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) will be able to receive targeted subsidized care for the treatment of chronic hepatitis without traveling to Yakutsk.
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