Журнал инфектологии (Nov 2016)
Clinical and immunological efficacy of combination therapy of children with measles
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and immunological efficacy of recombinant interferon Alfa-2b. Examined 34 children aged from 1 year to 7 years carrying medium to heavy degree of measles. All patients were not vaccinated against measles. In the treatment of 18 people (Control group) were used only basic therapy (pathogenic, symptomatic). At 16 people (Study group) used a combination therapy (basic + Viferon). As an antiviral agent used and immunotropic preparation of human recombinant interferon alfa-2b in the form of rectal suppositories – Viferon (OOO «Feron», Russia). Immunological patient survey was conducted in the dynamics of the disease – during the height (in 1-6 days the rash) and in convalescence period (10-16 days rash). Indicators of cellular immunity (leukocytes, lymphocytes, CD3 +, CD3 + CD (16 + 56) +, CD3 + CD4 +, CD3 + CD8 +, CD4 + CD8 +, CD3-CD8 +, CD3-CD (16 + 56), CD19 +, CD25 +, CD3 + HLA DR +, CD (16 + 56) + HLA DR +, HLA DR +, CD95 +) were evaluated by flow cytometry. To assess the production of IFN-α and IFN-γ in the samples of peripheral blood were cultured in the CO2 incubator for 18 hours at 37 C and 4% CO2. The supernatants of cell culture were investigated with the purpose of studying spontaneous and induced production of interferon alpha and gamma. The concentrations of interferon α and γ (IFNα, IFNγ) in the blood serum, as well as levels of spontaneous and induced cytokine production data of blood cells of sick children was determined by ELISA. All the children at the peak of the disease found a dramatic inhibition of cellular immunity and the production of cytokines, which is consistent with the concept of «measles anergy» accepted in the scientific literature. The period of convalescence oppression immunity indices remained, but it was less pronounced in the group of children treated with the drug of human recombinant interferon alfa-2b -Viferon. Clinical efficacy of Viferon in the treatment of patients with measles children characterized by rapid positive dynamics of symptoms of acute period (normalization of body temperature, reducing intoxication, catarrhal symptoms and severity of the syndrome exanthema). It was also found reduction in the incidence of complications, reduction in the average bedday and smooth during the period of convalescence later.
