Deposition of 51Cr-labeled donor platelets in health and myelosuppressive thrombocytopenias

Abstract

Aim. To study the deposition of donor platelets (DP) in myelosuppressive thrombocytopenia (TP) in patients with acute leukemia (AL) or lymphosarcoma (LSA), by using a radionuclide label (51Cr) for DP. Subjects and methods. Complex clinical, hematological and radionuclide studies were conducted in 63 patients divided into 3 groups: 1) 7 healthy volunteers (a control group); 2) 37 patients with AL; 3) 19 patients with LSA. Results. Changes were found in the deposition of labeled DPs used to prevent and treat hemorrhagic syndrome in myelosuppressive TP in patients with AL or LSA. In AL, this function was established to be virtually completely suppressed whereas in LSA, some functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes was preserved. Different degrees of suppression of this function were probably related to the nature of these diseases and particularly due to varying degrees of leukemic infiltration of depot organs. A mechanism for increased consumption of transfused DP in profound TP, one of the causes of which is the myelosuppression as a result of programmed polychemotherapy, cannot be ruled out. Conclusion. By and large, the radionuclide labeling technique for DP may be useful in specifying a number of uncertain mechanisms for derangements of the thrombocytic component of hemostasis in oncohematologic diseases.

Keywords

• acute leukemias
• lymphosarcomas
• radionuclide label (51cr) of donor platelets
• platelet depositio