Dataset of chemical composition of Avar age glass beads

Abstract

Monographic processing of Avar Period (6–8th century) glass beads. Approx. 200 glass beads have been selected from 13 archaeological sites in current day Hungary as the representatives of typical Avar glass beads. The beads were analyzed with electron microprobe analyzer attached with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer and/or energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer peripheries for 12–15 elements complemented with archaeological and color description. These beads provide insights primarily into the trade and interactions of the Avar population in the Carpathian Basin with other peoples. Through their analysis, we can learn about the economic systems associated with glass production and the connections between different regions. Furthermore, Avar Age glass beads offer valuable information about craftsmanship and artistic expression. Their diverse shapes, colors, and patterns showcase the skill and creativity of the artisans who made them, as well as hint at the production technology used. The purpose of data collection is to identify the raw materials and coloring agents used in bead production, detect potential chronological changes, internationally explore the identified production technology in terms of space and time, and outline the Avars' trade network, and provide reference for future research. This is the first ever published database of Avar Age glass beads.

Keywords

• Carpathian basin
• Archaeometry
• Production technology
• Coloring elements
• Opaque
• Translucid