Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications (Jul 2022)
Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells in the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
Dagnew Getnet Adugna,1 Hailu Aragie,1 Anteneh Ayelign Kibret,1 Daniel Gashaneh Belay1,2 1Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia; 2Department of Epidemiology, Institution of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Dagnew Getnet Adugna, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, P.O. Box: 196, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, Tel +251 932223887, Email [email protected]: Traumatic brain injury is the main cause of injury-related deaths and disabilities throughout the world, which is characterized by a disruption of the normal physiology of the brain following trauma. It can potentially cause severe complications such as physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment. In addition to understanding traumatic brain injury pathophysiology, this review explains the therapeutic potential of stem cells following brain injury in two pathways: response of endogenous neurogenic cells and transplantation of exogenous stem cell therapy. After traumatic brain injuries, clinical evidence indicated that endogenous neural progenitor cells might play an important role in regenerative medicine to treat brain injury. This is due to an increased neurogenic regeneration ability of these cells following brain injury. Besides, exogenous stem cell transplantation has also accelerated immature neuronal development and increased endogenous cellular proliferation in the damaged brain region. Therefore, a better understanding of the endogenous neural stem cell’s regenerative ability and the effect of exogenous stem cells on proliferation and differentiation ability may help researchers to understand how to increase functional recovery and tissue repair following injury.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, stem cell therapy, neural stem cells, endogenous neurogenesis, cell transplantation
