Changes in the structural components of the mucous membrane and plasma proteins of small intestine enterocytes in fetuses of cattle
Abstract
The interrelationships of morphological changes of the mucosa of the large intestine with the dynamics of enzyme activity at different poles of enterocytes of cattle during the fetal period of ontogenesis are shown and analyzed. The work was performed on Holstein cattle aged two to nine months. The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymatic systems in the basolateral membrane of cattle enterocytes depends less on the morphometric parameters of the large intestine than in the apical membrane. It is proved that during the fruitful period of ontogenesis there are dynamic transformations of enzyme systems of enterocytes of the large intestine of cattle which are connected with morphological changes of the mucous membrane of the large intestine. The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymes in different domains of the plasma enterocytes of fetal cattle is interrelated with the morphometric parameters of the colon, in particular. the activity of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2 +, Mg2 +-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in the apical membrane of enterocytes is inversely related to the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane of the cavity (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). A significant correlation was found between the activity of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2 +, Mg2 +-ATPase and Mg-ATPase in the apical membrane of enterocytes with villi height (P ≤ 0.05). The activity of hydrolytic and transport enzymatic systems in the basolateral membrane of bovine fetal enterocytes depends to a lesser extent on the morphometric parameters of the large intestine than in the apical membrane. In particular, only the activity of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase is inversely related to the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane of the jejunum with villi (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The activity of transport enzymes is directly related to the morphometric parameters of the colon (P ≤ 0.01). The activity of these enzymes in the basolateral membrane does not significantly depend on the width of the villi, but is dependent on their height.
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